Content-length: 36055 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 #22 The Hoax at Szekesfehervar, Hungary, 1992


The Hoax at Szekesfehervar, Hungary, 1992


Back in CW14 readers will recall that Jenny Randles exposed the fact that the first circles in Hungary were claimed as hoaxes. Despite this, thanks to the usual mass suppression of embarrassing evidence, readers of The Cerealogist still believe that the Hungarian circles are genuine artefacts of the alien presence. Meanwhile, a second independent source has carried a more detailed account of what happened. This account appeared in the Summer 1993 issue of The Skeptical Inquirer and is reprinted with the permission of CSICOP (P.O. Box 703, Buffalo, New York, 14226-0703, U.S.A.) :


JAMES RANDI PRIZE AWARDED IN HUNGARY

During his visit in January 1992 to Budapest, Hungary, James Randi was asked to address the winners of a science essay competition for high-school students sponsored by the popular science journal Termeszet Vilaga ("The World of Nature"). Touched by the eagerness and fresh enthusiasm of the youngsters, Randi founded a prize of U.S.$ 300 for the best investigation of paranormal phenomena by students using scientific methods, irrespective of its conclusion.

Applications were invited and the best contribution was selected by a committee consisting of scientists as well as members of the journal's editorial board.

The winners of the 1993 James Randi Prize are Gabor Takacs and Robert Dallos of Szekesfehervar, Hungary. The boys, both 17-year-old juniors at St. Stephen Agricultural Technicum - a high school specializing in agriculture - decided to repeat the performance of English farmers preparing a crop circle, which they read about in the Hungarian Reform.

During the night of June 8, 1992, they prepared a crop circle near Szekesfehervar, in the vicinity of a drive-in movie, using a rope and a stick. Since the length of the rope just happened to be 18 meters, the diameter of the circle was necessarily 36 metres, a number that "experts" attributed special significance to. Contrary to expectations, it took the boys about three hours of hard work to prepare the circle, since they didn't want to make any noise or disturbance. Since the crop was still green, it could be bent without breaking and loss of seeds. While they made special efforts to cover the tracks they had made, heavy rains following the event further obliterated any sign of fabrication. The youngsters then sat back to wait until the "discovery" was made.

The crop circle was discovered on June 26, 1992 [ie 18 days later, PF], by Laszlo Otvos, a helicopter pilot of the Aerocartias air rescue service, who reported his discovery to his superiors as well as the press. After the press release of their finding the usual pandemonium broke out. "Experts" from all over the country investigated the site and the circle, and by drawing numerous conclusions they declared it to have been created by UFOs. Thousands of people visited the site waiting to see UFOs landing and at the same time caused considerable damage to the crop.

The hoax was disclosed in a popular TV show hosted by Sandor Friderikusz on September 3. The kids proved their case by showing photos taken from exactly the same position before and after the circle was made. The TV show was a tremendous success, since in front of millions of viewers the invited "UFO experts" were shown to have been completely wrong.

After the disclosures, the owner of the field, Aranykalasz Co. [a collective farm], sued the youngsters for Fts. 630,000 (approx US $ 8,000) in damages. The Hungarian Skeptics immediately offered moral as well as financial help to the young "skeptics". A few months later the court ruled that the kids are responsible only for the damage caused in a circle of 36 meters diameter, amounting to about Fts. 6,000 (about US $ 76). The rest of the damage was caused by the media.

The "crop circle kids" - as they are now called in Hungary - were awarded the first James Randi Prize on February 7, 1993.
Gyula Bencze [who is a physicist with the Central Research Institute for Physics, in Hungary].


Californian Skeptic Article

A second article by Gyula Bencze and James Randi has appeared in the Californian Skeptic, titled "The Great Hungarian Crop Circle" (1993). This article gives us some further information :

- Szekesfehervar is about 40 miles west of Budapest;

- many witnesses came forward claiming that they had seen "little green folks" and UFOs hovering over the field prior to the hoaxers' expose;

- the field where the circles appeared was invaded by thousands of people, some of whom even camped out waiting for the UFOs to reappear (just as they did during the Warminster era and later at Alton Barnes when the crop circle myth was at its peak);

- UFO "experts" measured abnormal levels of radiation in the circle and warned that the circle had been created by a "deadly" phenomenon;

- UFOlogist Karoly Hargitai and "time-scientist" Gyorgy Kisfaludy both claimed that the circle had been made by extraterrestrials and that it was impossible for humans to have made the circle. Kisfaludy claimed that by examining the circle "in six dimensions" he (alone) had been able to decode the extraterrestrials' message to mankind;

- Hargitai and Kisfaludy were the two UFO believers who promoted the circle as genuine on Channel 1 TV, Budapest. The two hoaxers had read about the circles in the Hungarian press. They chose the night of June 8th to make the circle because they knew that recent heavy rains would make it easier to depress the grass;

- even after the hoaxers confessed the True Believers continued promoting the circle as genuine. Kisfaludy claimed that he had surveyed the Sekesfehervar area just prior to the discovery of the circle but had not found the circle or the hoaxers. It is not known how Kisfaludy would have known that the circle was going to appear in the Sekesfehervar area prior to its appearance.

Editorial Comments

Gyula Bencze has kindly sent me further information which is highly relevant to the crop circle debate.

(1) The fine levied by the court against the teenage hoaxers was eventually paid for by the TV show, as were the legal expenses. Gyula Bencze points out that contrary to the UFOlogists' claims the court's ruling implied that the circle was NOT caused by UFOs!

(2) The other circles that appeared in Hungary all post-dated this hoax and (unlike in Britain) received only limited publicity via local newspapers. Only the Hungarian UFOlogists kept a close tally on the later circles.

(3) Following the TV expose a leading member of the UFO believers challenged the crop circle hoaxers to make a circle under test conditions so that they could examine the circle themselves (which of course was exactly what happened with Doug and Dave).

The father of one of the hoaxers told the UFO believers to "go to hell". The UFO believers then wrote to Professor Szentagothai, the chairman of the Hungarian Skeptics, asking him to approach the crop circle hoaxers on their behalf. He too told the UFO believers where to go. The UFO believers were furious and made this correspondence public via some national newspapers. Surprisingly nothing else appears to have happened. Gyula Bencze notes that these same believers failed to publicly challenge the court's decision to award damages against the hoaxers. This appears to be an acceptance on their part that the circle was a hoax !

(4) To Gyula Bencze's knowledge there have been no crop circles in Hungary during 1993 or 1994. Neither is he aware of any crop circle cases predating 1992. Of course this evidence is deeply damaging for those who claim that crop circles are a natural phenomenon. It is also damaging for those who have promoted the Hungarian circles as genuine and UFO-related. Of course it is possible that Hungary is not climatically or agriculturally conducive to the formation of naturally-created circular ground traces but this remains to be proven.

(5) Once again a crop circle hoax is shown to have been perpetrated by a group of agricultural students - just like earlier hoaxes at Wye College (CW8) and Brackenhurst College of Agriculture (CW4 & CW9). Also, just like the United Bureau of Investigation (the group that allegedly made many of the large Wiltshire pictograms), the Hungarian hoaxes were triggered by the media's promotion of events in Britain. I'm not sure what the National Farmers Union will have to say about the Skeptical Enquirer's allegation that the Szekesfehervar hoax was based on hoaxers perpetrated by "English farmers" !

(6) Again we have the spectacle of UFO "experts" rushing to proclaim the circle as the rest of an alien intelligence. It seems that no one in UFOlogy ever learns from the disasters of yester-year. As long ago as 1968 an Ohio High School team perpetrated a classic UFO landing hoax and watched in amused astonishment as UFOlogists all over the USA promoted their hoax. There is something about the UFO mythology which makes normally sane and sober people act in the most manic and ludicrous ways.

(7) I'm sure Doug and Dave will be very interested to see the legal precedent set in Hungary that hoaxers are only responsible for recompensing farmers for the loss of crop within the circle. Unfortunately Hungary is not yet in the European Community but presumably this ruling could be quoted if any British farmers decide to take legal action against British crop circle hoaxers (which seems distinctly unlikely given the three year delay since Doug and Daves' admission in TODAY newspaper). It is also interesting to see that this ruling implied that 99 per cent of the damage caused in this particular case was due to the mass trespass that followed the media's promotion of the event. Again this seems like an important legal precedent.

(8) I was somewhat disturbed to discover that the crop circle hoaxers were financially and morally supported by the Hungarian Skeptics and that the fine and legal costs were eventually paid by the TV programme Friderikusz-show. This seems to me to be a dangerous move on the part of the Skeptics, for it is one thing to conduct experiments to demonstrate the mass belief in an alien intelligence and the gullibility of UFO "experts", but quite another to give financial support to people accused of perpetrating a criminal act. Of course The Crop Watcher often talks to people who have perpetrated crop circle hoaxes - as do all the leading crop circle research groups - but we have never given them money, not for any reason (even Doug Bower pays a subscription, just like everyone else). Is it justifiable to "reward" hoaxers with financial incentives and moral support prior to court proceedings ? Perhaps readers have a view about these actions ?

(9) According to that venerable source of reliable crop circle information, the Circles Phenomenon Research International Newsletter (Special Winter 1994 Edition, page 8) :

"Many have not grasped the true extent of the crop phenomenon [sic] in the country of Hungary. During 1992 alone, tens of single circles arrived in areas across the whole country. A 32 meter diameter circle appeared in Szekesfehervar, as well as numerous small grapeshots, and in Tiszaujvaros the first type 9 formation was found (circle with a single concentric ring). In fact, by the end of the season, circle sites dotted the whole country [a map is reproduced in Andrews' newsletter, PF], and the formations had evolved from single circles to singles and double ringed varieties. My data base [sic] confirms that this is the normal evolutionary trend [quite ! PF]. By harvest, even triangles were being reported and reports were coming in from nearby countries. A magnificent double ringed circle (was) found in Slovakia."

Andrews concludes :

"It is hard to consider a hoaxing explanation in these countries. They have little incoming news to feed the desire and are embroiled in events of such overbearing magnitude as to seemingly preclude the luxury of a night spent circle stomping".

Readers who wish to amuse themselves by reading this blatant piece of dis-information and data suppression should contact Andrews at PO Box 3378, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA. Perhaps you might like to inform Mr Andrews that this latest example of the "genuine phenomenon" he has been investigating for the past forty years were actually exposed as hoaxes TWO YEARS AGO.

Lessons

This fascinating case study reveals in microcosm how the crop circle myth developed and spread out around the world. It demonstrates how even a culture that has only recently been exposed to the modern UFO mythology is ready and willing to associate circular ground traces with an exotic causation. It also shows that the UFO myth repeatedly generates the same motifs - circular ground traces, alien messages and dangerously abnormal radiation traces, to name but three. The existence of these same motifs in case after case demonstrates conclusively that we are witnessing the generation of a social myth, the same myth that Ray Palmer and his science fiction associates created in the late 1940s.

The remarkable thing about the crop circle myth is that it doesn't matter how many UFO experts are shown up on national TV, no matter how many circles are shown to be man-made hoaxes, no matter how much evidence is produced that exposes the exotic mythology as a fraud, there are still people like Colin Andrews or Gyorgy Kisfaludy who are prepared to continue deceiving the public by suppressing unwelcome evidence and promoting the alien crop circle mythology. Doesn't it just stink ?

All over the world this same social process is being repeated. For decades to come farmers everywhere will wake up one morning to find their fields invaded by hundreds of True Believers, all of them victims and promoters of this great international fraud. Perhaps if you are one of these farmers you might like to send Andrews the bill for the financial loss you have suffered due to Andrews' need to continue promoting the mythology he and Delgado invented in the mid 1980s. If you are a sociologist I suggest you watch, study and learn, for before our eyes we are witnessing the continuing development of a full-blown religion that is based on a series of blatant lies.

Our thanks go to Gyula Bencze and the Skeptics movement for their helpful assistance in compiling this article.

PF.


Book Review

Allergies and Aliens

The Visitation Experience : An Environmental Health Issue

by Albert Budden

Discovery Times Press, 74 pages, 8 ills, # 5.00


Its not often that something new can be said about the highly controversial topic of alleged encounters with aliens. However, this book - which serves as an appetiser for UFOs - The Electro-Magnetic Indictment (Cassell\Blandford, 1995) - breaks new ground by developing a radical new perspective on the subject. In his Introduction Albert Budden boldly states that "... the experiences of visitation by a variety of other-worldly beings, which have been documented and researched by so many over the past decades, are the mental and physiological products of a range of environmental illnesses, shared by and coped with in their commonest form, by about 20 % of the population". By treating the alien contact claim as merely the symptom of an illness Albert Budden is sure to quickly attract the usual contempt reserved for UFOlogists who fail to promote the popular misconception of UFOlogy. Yet here is a sensible, falsifiable theory which should be examined closely by UFOlogists all over the world !

Allergies and Aliens makes what appears to be a strong case for re-interpreting outrageous contact claims with new eyes. In what could be a ground breaking piece of work Budden draws heavily on the developing science of environmental health to propose that many close encounter witnesses are electrically hypersensitive to the saturation of our environment with electronic pollution. Using numerous well-researched case studies Budden demonstrates that many close encounter experiences appear to occur in the proximity of radio transmitting masts, pylons, underground cables and other sources of electromagnetic pollution (eg RF "hot spots").

Drawing on recent experimental work at Breakspear Hospital in Hertfordshire Budden applies the environmental scientist's claim that electrically hypersensitive individuals develop a range of acute allergies which reduce the ability of the body to cope with ordinary stresses. In order to protect the body the subconscious mind generates a suitable hallucination to warn the conscious mind of danger. This is similar to the concept of the "producer" in Hilary Evans' Visions, Apparitions, Alien Visitors. In Budden's perspective the rapid increase in electromagnetic radiation over the past few decades accounts for the rise in reported close encounter cases. Because electronic pollution is a new form of pollution it is perceived by the body to be alien to its normal environment, thus the body's response is to generate a hallucination with alien or other-worldly symbology. What a super idea !

Allergies and Aliens contains a rich variety of diverse case work. There are all kinds of "paranormal" events, including poltergeist cases and UFO abductions, bedroom visitors, even sightings of dinosaurs in Reading ! Budden goes on to examine a range of unusual medical conditions that are known to be triggered by exposure to intense electrical fields. Throughout Allergies and Aliens readers are introduced to a whole new language - exploding head syndrome, body image, electrosleep, kindling phenomenon, and hyperaesthesia, to name but a few. The text will be of particular interest to those UFOlogists who accept that close encounter cases are purely subjective altered states of consciousness which are triggered by unusual external stimuli. There are brief references to Persinger's temporal lobe experiments and Devereux's earth-lights theory, along with links to serious medical conditions such as cancer, MS and ME. Budden's synopsis is strengthened with numerous references to a recent World Health Organisation report into the effects of electromagnetic fields on populations.

By venturing into a new area of research Budden claims that his hypothesis can even account for the "missing time" phenomenon so beloved of abduction researchers. This is where one begins to wonder how far one can take these concepts. In the Aveley case (page 44) Budden suggests that three members of the family were suspended in a trance-like state for 3 hours having driven into a fog caused by the electrification of ground mist by the presence of nearby electricity pylons. Budden suggests that this green fog also caused the family's car to stall. Why third parties never chance across cars stalled inside green mists with the passengers all staring into the sky in a trance-like state for three hours, is not explained.

One problem with the book is that it is home produced. As a consequence it suffers from some interesting spelling mistakes and awkward grammar. However, this should not detract from what is a brave attempt to tackle phenomena which have been ignored by science for too long. All this just wets my appetite for when The Electromagnetic Indictment appears next Spring ! As this issue goes to press I have learnt that Dr Kenneth Ring has given this book a rave review.
Allergies and Aliens can be obtained from Discovery Times Press, 270 Sandycombe Road, Kew, Surrey. TW9 3NP. Price # 5.00 (incl p&p).


False Memory Verdict Angers Therapists


In what could be a major legal precedent for alien abduction researchers a court in California has awarded half a million dollars in damages against two therapists who accidentally implanted a false memory of childhood incest during hypnotic regression sessions with 23 year old Holly Ramona. The case, which has been widely covered in the British and American press, was bought by Holly's father, Gary Ramona, who had previously been a highly paid executive of a Napa Valley wine company. Holly had visited therapists to find a cure for bulimia, but under regression hypnosis and the use of sodium anytal (which was incorrectly believed by the therapist to be a "truth serum") Holly was wrongly informed that "70 to 80 per cent" of bulimia patients were survivors of childhood incest and sexual abuse. Like many close encounter witnesses Holly had no conscious recollection of childhood abuse but following her hypnotherapy treatment she openly accused her father of abusing her between the ages of five and sixteen. Despite repeated protestations of his innocence Gary Ramona lost his job, his marriage and his family. Commenting on his successful lawsuit Ramona claimed that "The jury accepted what I have always known, that Holly's supposed memories are the result of the defendants' drugs and quackery".

This decision, if upheld by any future legal proceedings, must cause considerable alarm in certain quarters, for if one can put a price on implanting "false" memories induced by dubious hypnotic techniques, what level of damages could be demanded for implanting false memories of abduction and rape by cold all-powerful aliens ? For some years now UFO researchers in Britain and the United States have been employing regression hypnosis to find out what "really happened" during UFO encounters. In most cases the hypnotists are not fully qualified to conduct such work, and in the majority of cases the hypnotherapists already have strong pro-alien intelligence leanings, having been led to believe that UFO cases, if they represent anything at all, represent encounters with alien intelligences. Since 1988 the British UFO Research Association imposed a moratorium on hypnotic regression techniques because of mounting concern that the technique was potentially damaging to witnesses well-being. Sadly this lead was not followed by other UFO groups. Meanwhile, in North America the False Memory Syndrome Foundation was founded to help victims of the technique to cope with what appears to be nothing more than a trendy method of legitimising sensational and otherwise unsubstantiated claims. Now this concern has materialised in what could be a crucially important court ruling.

According to The Times (May 16) over 400 families in Britain are claiming to have suffered from similar false claims induced by regression hypnosis :

"From today, all 'recovered memory' therapists have had a brake put on their lurid imaginings: the principle has been laid down that they are not only answerable to their own patients, but to others who their airy diagnoses may affect".

Already rumours reaching us suggest that leading US UFOlogists are anticipating similar lawsuits from witnesses who have realised that their status as UFO witnesses have been somewhat exaggerated. We will report back on any further news.


Mowing Devil Update


Readers will recall that in CW21 I referred to various newspaper stories that the Mowing Devil pamphlet was being sold at an auction being held by the Salisbury firm of Woolley & Wallis on March 1st. I've now taken the opportunity of speaking to Bill Hoade, the researcher at Woolley & Wallis who was responsible for authenticating the pamphlet that was offered for sale. Originally Woolley & Wallis believed that they had the original Mowing Devil pamphlet and were offering it for sale at a reserve price of nearly # 800. However, Bill Hoade realised that in fact the pamphlet they were offering for sale was merely a copy of the original because it is marked "For H.T." after the "licensed 1676". This resulted in the reserve price dropping to less than # 300. It is not known who "H.T." is. However, Bill Hoade determined that this printer's line had been trimmed on the British Museum's copy.

Apparently there are three originals of the pamphlet in existence. These are held at the British Museum in London, and Princeton and Yale Universities in the U.S.A. The British Museum copy was probably owned by John Brand (who lived between 1744 and 1806 or 1807), who bequeathed it to the British Museum in 1873. Between 1810 and 1820 a London-based printer called Sturt loaned the British Museum pamphlet and made at least 20 copies, 7 of which are now in the U.S.A (eg at the University of North Carolina, who still believe that their copy is an original !). Another reprint took place in 1850. The pamphlet in Lewis Evans' library in St. Albans at the turn of the 20th century was also a copy.

From a crop circle point of view the most fascinating aspect of this work is that according to Bill Hoade there would have been little reason to reprint the original pamphlet on two occasions unless something occurred which rekindled interest in the pamphlet. Bill Hoade is of the opinion that this something was a crop circle event, presumably taking place in the 1810-1820 period. I did suggest to him that in fact interest could have been rekindled by a religious event of some kind, but Hoade considered this unlikely. Andy Collins has informed me that a well publicised will of the wisp (swamp light) case was reported from Lincolnshire in 1811 so perhaps this was the trigger for the sudden interest in the Mowing Devil case ?

Coincidentally Jenny Randles has informed me that Barry Greenwood of CAUS has uncovered a series of unusual UFO-style events that were debated by the U.S. Senate during the 1810-20 period. Again it is possible that this could be the trigger event that initiated the reprinting of the Mowing Devil pamphlet. We will keep readers informed of any further developments. Many thanks to Bill Hoade for his kind assistance.


A Letter from Japan


About a year ago Bob Kingsley (former Editor of The Circular) asked your Editor to contact Meaden's peers, ie those meteorologists who attended the 1990 Circles Effect Conference in Oxford. The aim of this was to gauge how the hoax revelations of recent years have affected support for Meaden's postulated plasma vortex hypothesis.

On 13th May 1994 I sent a draft copy of my Fortean Times UNconvention lecture to the following : Prof. Y.H. Ohtsuki, Prof. Christopher Church, Dr Tokio Kikuchi, Prof. Hiroshi Kikuchi, Prof. John Snow and Dr John Graham. As this issue went to print on August 1st it is not too surprising that to date I have only received one reply, from Tokio Kikuchi, at Kochi University, Japan. I have clarified his text in one or two places and a copy of his original letter is available from the Editorial address on page 28. His letter is dated May 20th 1994:


"Thank you for sending me the manuscript of address at UNconvention to be held in June in advance. Although I visited England twice, they were not at the last conference and, not having enough time, I am sorry that I could not meet you. I also feel sorry not responding you last time on your manuscript for Journal of Meteorology. I was simply very busy on establishing a new Department of Information Science.

Since I have done a relatively primitive computer simulation of vortex movement possible to create crop circle, I have always been anxious to know the concurrent status of circles research in England. I am very pleased to read your text in advance and to know that your view is very close to my own.

Nevertheless, I also realise there are some differences among us particularly on usage of 'plasma' as keyword to solve the problem.

I would like to summarise my own viewpoint :

Regarding the hoax and natural phenomenon statistics [that 99 per cent of post 1975 crop circles in Britain are hoaxes], Mr Fuller's account seems plausible.

Retrospectively, I must admit I have made public comments like that most of the circles are genuine including the complex patterns, mostly because I had been getting information through Dr Meaden and that seemed to be the standpoint of him. These were not correct at most.

On the other hand, I have a little different view on the theoretical account :

- From a theoretical view, any explanation must at least include mechanical and energetic considerations. I should say that 'plasma vortex' theory by Dr Meaden (and Prof. Ohtsuki) lacked these. If a microwave oven can create a 1 cm diameter 'circle' on an aluminium foil, then what is the energy required to create a few meter diameter circle in the field, and how is it compared with, say, lightning ? How is a circle formed - radially, or like the opening of a fan ?

- If you learned a little about atmospheric electricity, you will realise that it is very difficult to get [understand the ?] energy source of plasma formation. Without any plausible explanation, plasma vortex theory, despite of its publicity with the name of Nature, failed to attract physics and meteorology researchers. Using the keyword 'plasma' will only distract serious researchers. It is like explaining 'unidentified' with 'unknown'.

My theoretical work (see Kikuchi and Meaden, 1991) explains [that] the circles must be formed like [the] opening of a fan and a few meter circle is possible with ordinary scale whirlwinds (land devils), if a vortex is configured in a very special position. The work was mostly inspired by Prof. Snow's vortex breakdown experiments presented at the last conference (with my name as a second author). Since you have many eye witnesses records, I suggest that you should compare these with [the] theoretical [models] proposed by scientists. I hope your address will be successful.

Yours Sincerely, T. Kikuchi.


The Crop Watcher will publish the remaining replies if and when we receive them. David Reynolds will summarise these responses and reply to them on behalf of CERES.


Earthquest Project Update


Andy Collins has issued an update (dated 24 April 1994) of his Earthquest Project. Collins gives news about his group's intentions to continue some of the work conducted during the Orgone 93 Project later this summer. Collins notes that crop circles do not form an integral part of the group's objectives because "their presence is ceasing to be of any true value to our research".

Of more interest are the claimed results of several meditational sessions conducted by the Earthquest group during April. It is claimed that statistically significant anomalous radiation readings occurred during each meditation. Your Editor hopes to analyse this data in a future issue. Further photographic anomalies are claimed but no photos included.

Later this summer Collins intends to circulate a 300 page private research document titled Alien Energy, which discusses the results of the Orgone 93 Project in great detail. Your Editor has been asked to comment on the draft text and I will only say that some of the claims made in this document are highly controversial. For further information about this work write to PO Box 189, Leigh-on-Sea, Essex, SS9 1NF.


Home. Previous. Next.